UNGPs. The Board's analysis of Meta’s human rights responsibilities in this case was informed by the following international standards: The right to freedom of opinion and expression: Article 19, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( ICCPR), General Comment No. 34, Human Rights Committee, 2011; UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of opinion and expression, reports: A/HRC/38/35 (2018) and A/74/486 (2019); and Joint Declaration on Freedom of Expression and Gender Justice, Special Rapporteurs on freedom of opinion and expression of the United Nations (UN), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Organization of American States (OAS), the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR)(2022). The right to non-discrimination: Article 2, para. 1, ICCPR; Article 1 and Article 7 (non-discrimination in participation in the political and public life of the country), Article 4(1) and Article 5(a), Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and Article 8, Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, right to effective access, on a non-discriminatory basis, to participation in the conduct of public affairs.; Resolution 35/18, Human Rights Council, 2017; Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders. Report: A/HRC/40/60 (2019); Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Report: A/HRC/38/47 (2018). 5. User submissions Following a Facebook user’s report of the content and appeal to the Oversight Board, both the user who created the content and the user who reported it were sent a message notifying them of the Board’s review and providing them with an opportunity to submit a statement to the Board. Neither user submitted a statement. 6. Meta’s submissions In its decision rationale, Meta explained that the content should have been removed from Facebook for violating the Bullying and Harassment policy. Meta’s regional team identified the woman depicted as a known Syrian activist who had been