iii. the fixation of its broadcast; iv. the reproduction of a fixation of its broadcast. b) The rights under this section shall be protected from the moment when the broadcasting takes place until the end of the twentieth calendar year following the year in which the broadcast takes place. c) Program-carrying signals transmitted by satellite which are not intended for direct reception by the public, but for simultaneous or subsequent broadcasting or cable distribution by an authorized receiving organization, may not be broadcast or communicated to the public by anyone else without authorization of the person or legal entity that decided what program the emitted signal would carry (originating organization). §9.31. Limitations on Protection Sections 9.2, 9.3, 9.4 and 9.5 shall not apply where the acts referred to in those sections are related to: a) using short excerpts for reporting current events to the extent justified by the purpose of providing current information; b) cases where, under this Part, a work can be used without the authorization of the owner of copyright. c) any work in cases where reproduction would conflict with a normal exploitation of the work or would otherwise unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the owner of the copyright. §9.32. Technological Protection--Measures. a) Technological protection measures shall be regarded as effective where the use of a work or object of related right protected under this Act is controlled by the right holder through application of an access control or protection process which, in the normal course of its operation, achieves the protection objective. b) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, a beneficiary of any exception or limitation under this Act may circumvent any technological protection measure to the extent required to benefit from such exception or limitation. §9. 33. Protection of Rights Management Information a) It is prohibited to knowingly: i. remove or alter any electronic rights management information without the consent of the right holder, or 33