‫לקריאת החלטה זו בעברית יש ללחוץ כאן‬. 1. Summary This case involves an emotionally powerful video of the aftermath of a strike on or near AlShifa hospital in Gaza during Israel’s ground offensive, with a caption condemning the attack. Meta’s automated systems removed the post for violating its Violent and Graphic Content Community Standard. After unsuccessfully contesting this decision with Meta, the user appealed to the Oversight Board. After the Board identified the case for review, Meta reversed its decision and restored the content with a warning screen. The Board holds that the original decision to remove the content did not comply with Meta’s content policies or the company’s human-rights responsibilities. The Board approves the decision to restore the content with a warning screen but disapproves of the associated demotion of the content barring it from recommendations. This case, together with Hostages Kidnapped From Israel ( 2023-050FB-UA), are the Board’s first cases decided under its expedited review procedures. 2. Context and Meta’s Response On October 7, 2023, Hamas, a designated Tier 1 organization under Meta’s Dangerous Organizations and Individuals Community Standard, led unprecedented terrorist attacks on Israel from Gaza that killed an estimated 1,200 people and resulted in roughly 240 people being taken hostage ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Israel). Israel immediately undertook a military campaign in Gaza in response to the attacks. Israel’s military action has killed more than 18,000 people in Gaza as of mid-December 2023 (UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, drawing on data from the Ministry of Health in Gaza), in a conflict where both sides have been accused of violating international law. Both the terrorist attacks and Israel’s subsequent military actions have been the subjects of intense worldwide publicity, debate, scrutiny, and controversy, much of which has taken place on social media platforms, including Instagram and Facebook. Meta immediately designated the events of October 7 a terrorist attack under its Dangerous Organizations and Individuals policy. Under its Community Standards, this means that Meta would remove any content on its platforms that “praises, substantively supports or represents” the October 7 attacks or the perpetrators of them.