2024/9/2 凌晨12:19 Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China All effective judgments rendered before the implementation of this Law according to the laws then in force remain effective. Chapter II Crimes Section 1 Crimes and Criminal Liability Article 13 Any act that endangers the sovereignty, territorial integrity, or security of the state, splits the state, subverts the political power of the people's democratic dictatorship, overthrows the socialist system, or undermines social or economic order, or that is against state-owned property, collectively owned property, or private property owned by citizens, or that violates the personal rights, democratic rights or other rights of the citizens, or any other act that endangers the society, which is subject to criminal punishment in accordance with the law, is a crime. However, if the circumstances are manifestly minor and the harm is not serious, the act is not deemed a crime. Article 14 Where a person has clear knowledge that his act will cause socially harmful consequences and hopes for or allows such consequences to occur, which constitutes a crime, the crime is deemed intentional. A person committing an intentional crime shall bear criminal liability. Article 15 Where a person should have foreseen that his act may cause socially harmful consequences but fails to foresee them because of his carelessness, or has foreseen such consequences but believes that they can be avoided, which leads to such consequences, he commits a negligent crime. A person committing a negligent crime shall bear criminal liability only when the law so provides. Article 16 Where an act causes harmful consequences, while it is attributed not to intent or negligence but to irresistible or unforeseeable causes, the act is not a crime. Article 17 Where a person who has reached the age of 16 commits a crime, he shall bear criminal liability. Where a person who has reached the age of 14 but is under the age of 16 commits intentional homicide, intentional infliction of bodily harm causing serious injury to or the death of another person, rape, robbery, drug trafficking, arson, explosion, or releasing hazardous substances, he shall bear criminal liability. Where a person who has reached the age of 12 but is under the age of 14 commits intentional homicide or intentional infliction of bodily harm, causing the death of another person or, by extremely cruel means, causing serious injury to another person to the extent of severely disabling that person, given that the circumstances are grave, if the Supreme People's Procuratorate approves the prosecution of the offender, he shall bear criminal liability. en.npc.gov.cn.cdurl.cn/2020-12/26/c_921604.htm 6/9