there is lack of standardization, human errors can also render risks of loss or inaccessibility of data, similarly there will be legal and procedural challenges supplemented by increased costs of implementation. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a proper chain of custody with adequate safeguards to protect privacy of individual data and ensuring credibility of evidences. 2. GUIDELINE FOR HANDLING DIGITAL EVIDENCE: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE With the development of information technology, various standards have developed in international platform for identification, collection, acquisition and preservation of digital evidence. Notably, the ISO/IEC 27037:20127 which provides guidance to individuals with respect to common situations encountered throughout the digital evidence handling process and assists organization in their disciplinary procedures and in facilitating the exchange of potential digital evidence between jurisdictions; the ISO/IEC 270428 Guidelines for analysing digital evidence; INTERPOL's Operational guidelines on digital forensic practices; Europol's European Cybercrime Centre (EC3) Frameworks and Toolkits for handling digital evidence; UNODC's Cybercrime Repository which contains resources and manuals for handling electronic evidence in criminal investigations; Budapest Convention on Cybercrime9 which provides provisions particularly in cross-border investigations and ensuring preservation and authenticity of digital evidence; the International Association of Computer Investigative Specialists (IACIS) also has put forward certifications and best practices for digital forensics professionals. The Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) guidelines for digital evidence also outlines best practices for proper handling, collecting, preservation, and analysis of electronic data in criminal investigations. It emphasizes maintaining the integrity of digital evidence, ensuring it is not altered during acquisition or examination. The guidelines advocate for proper documentation of all actions taken, adherence to legal protocols, and secure storage to prevent ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27, Information Technology—Security Techniques—Guidelines for Identification, Collection, Acquisition, and Preservation of Digital Evidence, ISO (2012), available at, https://webstore.ansi.org/previewpages/INCITS/preview_INCITS+ISO+IEC+27037+2012+(R2019).pdf?srsltid=AfmBOoqREc1Pliql6CQCOGXgN4J 0S3mPjdSRt9Ib_XYJjPLL1Yf8zWG_ 7 ISO/IEC 27042: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27, Information Technology—Security Techniques—Guidelines for the Analysis and Interpretation of Digital Evidence, ISO (Year varies) 8 9 Council of Europe, Convention on Cybercrime (ETS No. 185), opened for signature Nov. 23, 2001 8