PROCLAMATION NO 102/1998 COMMUNICATIONS PROCLAMATION Part One General Provisions 1. Short Title This Proclamation may be cited as «the Communication Proclamation No. 102/1998». 2. Definitions In this Proclamation, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) «broadcasting» or «broadcast» means the transmission of voice, music, visual images and the like by radio waves by cable, intended to be received directly by the general public; (b) «broadcasting receiver equipment» shall mean apparat which receive radio broadcasting and television programmes; (c) «communications» means telecommunications, broadcasting and post; (d) «Department» means the Communications Department of the Ministry of Transport and Communications; (e) «exclusive rights activity» means an activity for which permit may be issued to one person only granting him for a stipulated term of years the exclusive privilege engaging in the activity specified in his permit; (f) «installer» means a person to whom a permit has been issued pursuant to Article 23 hereof; (g) «limited competition activity» means an activity for which permits may be issued to a limited number of persons in accordance with criteria and conditions stipulated by the Department granting the persons for a stipulated term of years the right to engage in the activity specified in the permit; (h) «open Competition activity» means an activity for which permits shall be issued to an unlimited number of persons, in accordance with criteria and conditions stipulated by the Department, granting the persons for a stipulated term of years the right to engage in the activity specified in the permit; (i) «operator» means a person to whom a permit has been issued pursuant to Articles 12, 28 or 36 hereof; (j) «permit» means a permit issued by the Department under this Proclamation, enabling a person to engage in a business activity as an operator, supplier or an installer provided he has obtained a business licence under the Business Licensing Office Establishment Proclamation No. 72 of 1995; (k) «person» means any natural or juridical person engaged in communications and shall include any business organization or association engaged in communications, whether national or foreign or private or public; (l) «post» means any system for the collection, dispatch, conveyance, handling and delivery of postal articles by or through an operator of postal services; (m) «postal article» means any article or thing transmissible by post but does not include such article or thing as the Department may prescribe to be not transmissible by post; (n) «postal service» means a commercial offering of any service by post; (o) «public telecommunications networks», «public telecommunications service» and «public postal service» means a network or a service accessible to the general public or intended to be used by the general public;