Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, 2005 eSwatini Chapter XII Land, minerals, water and environment 210. Declaration of land, minerals and water as national resource (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution or any other law, land, minerals and water are national resources. (2) In the interests of the present and future generations, the State shall protect and make rational use of its land, mineral and water resources as well as its fauna and flora, and shall take appropriate measures to conserve and improve the environment. 211. Land (1) From the date of commencement of this Constitution, all land (including any existing concessions) in Swaziland, save privately held title-deed land, shall continue to vest in iNgwenyama in trust for the Swazi Nation as it vested on the 12th April, 1973. (2) Save as may be required by the exigencies of any particular situation, a citizen of Swaziland, without regard to gender, shall have equal access to land for normal domestic purposes. (3) A person shall not be deprived of land without due process of law and where a person is deprived, that person shall be entitled to prompt and adequate compensation for any improvement on that land or loss consequent upon that deprivation unless otherwise provided by law. (4) Subject to subsection (5), all agreements the effect of which is to vest ownership in land in Swaziland in a non-citizen or a company the majority of whose share-holders are not citizens shall be of no force and effect unless that agreement was made prior to the commencement of this Constitution. (5) A provision of this chapter may not be used to undermine or frustrate an existing or new legitimate business undertaking of which land is a significant factor or base. 212. Land Management Board (1) There shall be established a Land Management Board (hereafter in this section referred as the “Board”), shall consist of a chairman and not more than four members appointed by iNgwenyama. (2) The members of the Board shall be appointed for a period of not more than five years and shall be eligible for re-appointment. (3) The allowances payable to the members of the Board shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund. (4) The Board is responsible for the overall management, and for the regulation of any right or interest in land whether urban or rural or vesting in iNgwenyama in trust for the Swazi nation. (5) In performing its functions the Board shall be accountable to iNgwenyama. (6) Subject to the provisions of this section, the Board may regulate its own procedure. (7) A member of the Board (including the chairman) may be removed from office as far as may be practicable on the same grounds and in like manner as a member of a service commission under section 175. 213. Minerals All minerals and mineral oils in, under or upon any land in Swaziland shall, after the commencement of this Constitution, continue to vest in iNgwenyama in trust for the Swazi Nation as vested on the 12th April 1973. By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 78