Article 11 The State shall actively engage in international exchange and cooperation in such areas as data security governance and data development and use, participate in the formulation of international rules and standards related to data security, and promote the secure and free flow of data across borders. Article 12 Any individual or organization has the right to file a complaint or tip-off about violations of this Law with the relevant competent departments. Departments receiving complaints or tip-offs shall handle them promptly in accordance with the law. Relevant competent departments shall keep confidential the information on those filing the complaint or tip-off and protect their legitimate rights and interests. Chapter II Data Security and Development Article 13 The State shall coordinate both development and security, and adhere to promoting data security through data development and use and through industrial development, and ensuring data development and use and industrial development through data security. Article 14 The State shall implement a big data strategy to enhance data infrastructure construction, to encourage and support the innovative application of data in all industries and sectors. People's governments at or above the provincial level shall include the digital economy development in the national economic and social development planning at the respective level and formulate digital economy development plans as needed. Article 15 The State shall support the data development and use to make public services more intelligent. When providing such intelligent public services, it is required to fully consider the needs of the elderly and the handicapped and avoid causing any obstacle to their daily life. Article 16 The State shall support the research on data development and use technologies and data security technologies; support the dissemination and commercial innovation of technologies in such areas as data development and use and data security; and foster and develop products and industry systems for data development and use and for data security. Article 17 The State shall advance the construction of the standard systems for the data development and use technology and those for data security. The administrative department of standardization under the State Council and the relevant departments of the State Council shall, according to their respective duties, organize the formulation and timely revision of standards concerning data development and use technologies and products and data security. The State shall support enterprises, social organizations, and education and research institutions to participate in the formulation of standards. Article 18 The State shall promote the development of services such as data security monitoring and assessment, and certification, and support specialized institutions to perform data security monitoring and assessment, and certification in providing services in accordance with the law. The State shall support relevant departments, industrial organizations, enterprises, education and research institutions, and relevant specialized institutions to conduct coordination in such areas as data security risk assessment, prevention and disposal. Article 19 The State shall establish and perfect the data transaction management systems, standardize data transaction activities, and cultivate a data transaction market. Article 20 The State shall support education and research institutions, enterprises and other organizations in carrying out education and training in respect of data development and use technology and data security, 3

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