11 was sentenced to two years in the house of correction, six months to be served with the balance suspended until December 1, 2014, with probation conditions, and fined $1,000. We transferred the defendants' appeal to this court on our own motion. Discussion. On appeal, the defendants make multiple claims of error regarding the Commonwealth's compliance with discovery rules, alleged prosecutorial misconduct, choice of venue, evidentiary rulings at trial, the sufficiency of the evidence, statements made in closing argument, and the right to a speedy trial. We conclude that the judge's rulings were correct and these claims are without merit. We begin, however, with a discussion of the defendants' challenges to the constitutionality of G. L. c. (§ 43A [a]), both facial8 and as applied to them. 265, § 43A (a) Such constitutional challenges are questions of law that we review de novo. Commonwealth v. Martin, 467 Mass. 291, 301 (2014). A criminal conviction under § 43A (a) requires proof that "(1) the defendant engaged in a knowing pattern of conduct or speech, or series of acts, on at least three separate occasions; (2) the defendant intended to target the victim with the harassing conduct or speech, or series of acts, on each occasion; (3) the conduct or speech, or series of acts, were of 8 Only William raises a facial claim on appeal.