Neutral Citation Number: 2023:DHC:2806 pornography which can be deployed to reduce NCII abuse. The relevant portion of the Short Note recording the same has been reproduced as under: ―21. The legal obligation to remove unlawful content in its entirety and not just an obligation to remove URLs having been established, the tools available to comply with such obligation are an important consideration. Respondent Intermediaries are multibillion dollar international conglomerates, possessing vast technological and economic resources to develop the tools and address the concerns raised in the present proceedings. It is a matter of public record, and as per the policies of the Respondent Intermediaries, that content detection tools are used for various purposes including preventing Intellectual Property Right (IPR) infringement and child pornography. The methods or tools presently used can be principally divided into (I.) Audio-Video Blocking; (II.) Image to Code Conversion; and (III.) Keyword Search. I. Audio-Video Blocking 22. Respondent No.5/ YouTube, which is primarily an audio-video platform, regulates the content it hosts for, inter alia, copyright infringement. In order to ensure that no such infringement takes place. Respondent No.5/ YouTube deploys its 'Content ID' system. Under this system, the content provided by copyright owners is by an automated system compared to all videos hosted on the platform. This system is used by copyright owners to identify infringing content and require the platform to enforce its take down [Ref. Annexure G, Pg. 346], 23. This mechanism is used to flag and identify videos that violate copyright laws. Smart technology is used to Signature Not Verified Digitally Signed By:SHAZAAD ZAKIR Signing Date:26.04.2023 17:19:50 W.P.(CRL) 1505/2021 Page 41 of 88