Neutral Citation Number: 2023:DHC:2806 like SSMIs. However, they can ‘de-index’ (remove from the search engine’s index) specific URLs. Once a webpage is de-indexed, traffic to the page can be expected to decline, as new users who do not know the page’s exact URL are unlikely to find the page given the billions of webpages on the internet.‖ (emphasis supplied) 30. Thus, while search engines do not themselves store and transmit content, they allow users to locate and visit content; basically, it enables individuals to find relevant webpages already available on the internet. Using the key-words provided by the user, a software known as ―crawlers‖ is employed to scour the internet for the content that is being searched for and this process of crawling retrieves material in a matter of micro-seconds that is most relevant to the user. The material that is retrieved is stored and organized in an index which is a database of the content that has been discovered, which can then later be retrieved when searched for by a user. Search engines further rank the content in their order of relevance in a bid to solve the user’s query at the earliest. It is relevant to note that as search engines do not host content per se, they cannot take down the content available on a third-party platform, such as websites. However, they can deindex specific URLs that can render the said content impossible to find due to the billions of webpages available on the internet and, consequently, reduce traffic to the said website significantly. 31. Search engines, however, cannot be categorised as social media intermediaries [Rule 2(1)(w)] or even significant social media intermediaries (SSMIs) [Rule 2(1)(v)] as they do not enable online interaction between two or more users, and they do not allow the users to create, upload, share, disseminate, modify or access information using its services. Thus, social Signature Not Verified Digitally Signed By:SHAZAAD ZAKIR Signing Date:26.04.2023 17:19:50 W.P.(CRL) 1505/2021 Page 36 of 88