DERECHOS DIGITALES CYBERSECURITY IN LATIN AMERICA: NATIONAL STRATEGIES IN 2024 8 2.3. Chile: PNCS 2023-2028 The first National Cybersecurity Policy (PNCS, an acronym for Política Nacional de Ciberseguridad, in Spanish) was implemented between 2017 and 2022, establishing the basis for a more secure cyberspace. Subsequently, on December 4, 2023, the new PNCS for the period of 2023-2028 was officially published4. The Interministerial Committee on Cybersecurity (CICS, an acronym for Comité Interministerial sobre Ciberseguridad, in Spanish) has been the body responsible for the development and coordination of these policies, ensuring collaboration between various government and private entities, as well as public hearings and consultations prior to the finalization of each PNCS. The PNCS 2023-2028 maintains the five fundamental goals already present in its predecessor: resilient infrastructure, people’s rights, cybersecurity culture, national and international coordination, and promotion of industry and scientific research. In addition, it incorporates four cross-cutting objectives: human rights approach, gender perspective, sustainable development, and international cooperation. In a significant step forward for the PNCS, the Framework Law on Cybersecurity and Critical Information Infrastructure was enacted in March 2024, creating the National Cybersecurity Agency (ANCI, an anacronym for Agencia Nacional de Ciberseguridad, in Spanish). This governing body is responsible for regulating, overseeing, and sanctioning all public and private bodies that provide essential services, strengthening the institutional framework for cybersecurity in Chile. Although the PNCS 2023-2028 establishes clear guidelines, the detailed action plan specifying the measures and timelines to achieve the proposed objectives has not yet been published. It is expected that this complementary document will be released soon to guide the effective implementation of the policy. 2.4. Colombia: Reliance and Digital Security Policies In 2016, the country adopted the National Digital Security Policy through a document called CONPES 3854, establishing the basis for a more secure and reliable digital environment. Subsequently, in 2020, the National Policy on Trust and Digital Security (CONPES 3995) was published5, whose goals are: to strengthen the digital security capabilities of citizens, the public sector and the private sector in the country; to update the governance framework in digital security to increase its degree of development; and to analyze the adoption of models, standards and frameworks in digital security, with emphasis on new technologies. In accordance with these efforts, the Colombian government has proposed the creation of the National Agency for Digital Security and Spatial Affairs, a technical and specialized entity aimed at planning, coordinating, and managing digital security risks in the country, as well as strengthening trust and security in the digital sphere. This bill was presented to Congress in July 2023 and has advanced in its legislative process, being approved in the first debate in November of the same year. The Agency will be responsible for coordinating cybersecurity (4) Available at: https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2023/12/04/43717/01/2415658.pdf?utm_ source=chatgpt.com (5) Available at: https://colaboracion.dnp.gov.co/CDT/Conpes/Econ%C3%B3micos/3995.pdf