healthy and safe environment, and to fairly and equitably distribute benefits from land
subsoil wealth by accumulating them into the National/Sovereign Wealth Fund.
A citizen shall have the right to know about the impact on the environment from
exploitation of land subsoil wealth within the framework of the right to live in healthy and
safe environment.
The exploitation of the mineral deposits with the strategic importance shall be in
compliance with the principle, under which natural wealth is to be subject to the people's
control/power, and the legal basis to allot a majority of the benefits gained from it to the
people shall be determined by laws."
/This paragraph was amended by the law on addendum and amendment to the
Constitution of Mongolia as of November 14, 2019/
3.The State may give for private ownership a land, except pasturage and land under
public utilization and state's special use, only to the citizens of Mongolia. This provision
shall not apply to the ownership of the subsoil thereof. Citizens shall be prohibited to
transfer the land in their ownership to foreign citizens and stateless persons by way of
selling, bartering, donating or pledging as well to transfer it to others for possession and
use without permission from competent State authorities.
4.The State shall have the right to hold responsible the landowners in connection with the
land, to exchange or take it over with compensation on the grounds of special public need,
or confiscate the land if it is used in a manner adverse to the health of the population, the
interests of environmental protection or national security.
5.The State may allow foreign citizens, legal persons and stateless persons to lease/use
land for a specified period of time and fee under conditions and procedures as provided
for by law.
Article Seven
1.The historical and cultural memorials, as well as scientific and intellectual heritage of the
Mongolian people shall be under State protection.
2.Intellectual valuables produced by citizens shall be the property of their authors and the
national wealth of Mongolia.
Article Eight
1.The Mongolian language shall be the official language of the State.
2.Paragraph 1 of this Article shall not affect the right of national minorities of other tongues
to use their native languages in education and communication and in the pursuit of
cultural, artistic and scientific activities.
Article Nine
1.The State shall respect the religions and the religions shall honor the State in Mongolia.
2.State institutions/organs/authorities shall not engage in religious activities and the
monasteries shall not carry out political activities.
3.The relationship between the State and the monasteries shall be regulated by law.
Article Ten
1.Mongolia shall adhere to the universally recognized norms and principles of international
law and pursue a peaceful foreign policy.
2.Mongolia shall fulfill in good faith its obligations under international treaties to which it is
a Party.
3.The international treaties to which Mongolia is a Party shall become effective as
domestic legislation upon the entry into force of the laws on their ratification or accession.