SPECIAL COLLECTION OF THE CASE LAW ON FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
impossible to pay by the defendants. Further, it stated that the request of ordering the journalist to refrain from mentioning him in future publications shows a pattern of abuse that
translates into prior censorship of public interest discourse.86
The Court explicitly recognised the importance of victims of sexual violence exercising
their right to freedom of expression to denounce this problem.87 The victims did not pursue criminal complaints to report sexual abuse and violence due to insufficient judicial
guarantees that protect the rights of women.
These cases show that defendants are increasingly using existing rules on abuse of process
to get SLAPP cases dismissed. They also show that focusing on the motivation and conduct of
the plaintiff alone may be insufficient to dismiss SLAPP cases. Moreover, while explicit rules on
abuse of process may not exist in many jurisdictions, these cases demonstrate that defendants and
courts could rely on existing procedural rules that allow dismissals of cases early on, as well as
provisions on abuse of law, mala fide and baseless claims.
Courts are considering whether defendants are targeted for expressions about
matters of public interest
In some SLAPP cases, courts have examined whether defendants’ expressions concerned a
matter of public interest and thus were in need of a high level of protection. For instance:
l
l
In Tata Sons Ltd. v. Greenpeace (India),88concerning the request for an interim injunction
on the basis of unauthorised trademark use and loss of reputation by one of the biggest
Indian companies against Greenpeace India, the High Court of Delhi refused to grant the
injunction. It stated that granting the injunction would not be in the public interest89 as it
“would freeze the entire public debate on the effect of the port project on the Olive Ridley
turtles” habitat.”90 The Court also emphasised the importance of protecting speech that
can include forms such as “caricature, lampoon, mime, parody and other manifestations of
wit.”91
Similarly, the High Court of Belgrade in Popović v. KRIK and Dojčinović, concerning a
defamation suit brought by a member of the Serbian Government against an online investigative media outlet, regarded the public interest of the information as a determining aspect
in dismissing the claim. The Court first looked at the effect of the articles noting that they
contributed to a public interest debate. Second, it assessed the position of the plaintiff – a
public figure – who had to tolerate a higher level of criticism than ordinary citizens.92 Sub-
86 Ibid., paras 427-429.
87 Ibid., para 429.
88 The High Court of Delhi, Tata Sons Limited v. Greenpeace International & ANR, IA No.9089/2010 in CS(OS) 1407/2010, 28
January 2011. The case summary of the decision by Global Freedom of Expression is available here.
89 Ibid., para 43.
90 Ibid.
91 Ibid.
92 Higher Court in Belgrade, Popović v. KRIK and Dojčinović, 3 June 2019, para 18. The case summary of the decision by Global
Freedom of Expression is available here.
18